Saturday, April 22, 2017

Lapis Lazul Across the Map and the Ages

Mesopotamia, the fertile valley between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, home to the world’s earliest civilizations: the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, Assyrians. From the Epic of Gilgamesh to cuneiform to Hammurabi’s code, this land has birthed many great accomplishments still recognized to this day. However, not all of these ancient works were literature. One of the most influential kings of Babylon -- Nebuchadnezzar II -- was known for his extravagant architecture and decoration, from the hanging gardens of Babylon to his ziggurat tower.


One of my favorite remnants from this time period is the enormous and intricate Ishtar Gate, which is decorated with giant lions and bulls in honor of the goddess Ishtar. Constructed in ancient Babylon, the entryway is a capsule of values and traditions from Mesopotamian times, covered in shimmering blue lapis lazuli that would’ve been brilliant in the context of a desert. Here is an image of the gate:



Nebuchadnezzar, recognizing the cultural and aesthetic importance of his gate, wrote an inscription: “I, Nebuchadnezzar, laid the foundation of the gates down to the groundwater level and had them built out of pure blue stone. Upon the walls in the inner room of the gate are bulls and dragons. And thus, I magnificently adorned them with luxurious splendor for all mankind to behold in awe.”

As stated in Khan Academy’s video, “And [here] we are in awe two and a half millennia later. Nebuchadnezzar understood his place in history… wrote inscriptions in his [creations] that not only identified them but also asked future rules to rebuild them for him. It’s as though he knew that empires come and go, and that he could speak across history.”


This same ultramarine lapis lazuli is valued across many cultures and nations, from Badakhshan to Siberia to the Hindu Kush mountains. The deepest blues of lapis lazuli were most valuable; the highest quality lapis lazuli could be turned into a pigment by grinding down the rock and carefully purifying the powder.






This beautiful blue can then be used to decorate manuscripts from all over the globe, including European, Persian, and Armenian manuscripts.




Sources


"Ishtar gate and Processional Way." Khan Academy. Web. 22 Apr. 2017.

"Exploring Ultramarine." Bodleian Libraries. Web. 22 Apr. 2017.

Friday, April 21, 2017

A Feast for Samurai Warriors, And Me (A Study of Japanese Bento)

Hello Kitty made of onigiri rice balls, hot dogs shaped like octopus and snails, colorful carrots and apples in the shapes of rabbits and bunnies -- all of these cute characters and animals are stars in the Japanese bento meal, a hallmark of Japanese cuisine since the 1600s.


Even in Japanese culture today, traditionally, the Japanese do not eat while walking. This polite etiquette can be traced back to the samurai. In fact, the samurai were the ones who carried elaborate bento meals in tiered, lacquered boxes on long journeys, because it was not customary to eat in public places. Though originally designed for mobility and practicality, the bento has become a representation of Japanese culture and Japanese values today, as I discovered in my bento project for Japanese!


The most important aspect of the bento is its longevity. For samurai warriors, travelers, or people who worked outdoors, the pickled foods inside bento are convenient. Also, bento do not need to be warmed necessarily to be delicious, making it the perfect food for the traveler!


Now, bento are available everywhere in Japan: department stores, convenience stores, train stations, and even through take-out! But the essentials of bento -- underneath the cute decorations and colors modern-day bento are now adorned with -- are still visible! For example, like I mentioned earlier, pickled foods, or “tsukemono” in Japanese, such as pickled daikon, radish, and eggplant can be found in most bento. Bento are traditionally very healthy, and contain various types of foods: steamed, boiled, fried foods; and vegetables, fruits, and meats. They offer an array of colors, shapes, textures, and tastes, delicious both in taste as well as looks! Moreover, bento are neat and compartmentalized, with each separate food in its own section; the sections are often divided with ornamental plastic grass.

With this history and these values in mind, I set off and created my own bento -- using pickled foods, vegetables, meats, rice and various colors, tastes, and textures to try and capture the essence of bento and Japanese culture. Here are a few photos!



Here's a reflection in Japanese!

メルバ ヌゼン, 2017 年 4月14日, 弁当 の プロジェクト

日本 の 弁当 の 中 に 日本 の 文化 と かちかん が あるし,  おいしいし, 私逹 は 日本 の 食べ物  が 大好きだ。日本 の 弁当 と 西洋的 な お昼ご飯 は ちょっと ちがう。 最しょに, 日本 の 弁当 は とても けんこう的 で 長持ちする。 いろいろ な 色 が 見られ, 弁当 は きれい で 美しい。 弁当 は とても そしきてき で きれいだ から, 弁当 を 食べる事 は べんり だ。私逹 の 弁当 の テーマ は 動物 だ ! とくに 森 の 動物 と 海 の  動物 だ。 私逹 の 弁当 は 二そうだ。一そう は 森 の物 で, 二そう は 海 の 物 だ。

最しょに, 弁当 の 中 に いろ いろ な 東洋的 な 食べ物  が あってから,  弁当 は とても けんこう的だ。 たとえば, あげ物 や つけ物 や に物 や やさい が ある。 私逹 は 天ぷら という あげ物 を 作った。 き色 な エビ 天ぷら は とても クリスピーだ。 森 の 物 の そう で, やわらかい チャーハン が ある。弁当 の 中 に, たくあん という つけ物 は エビ天ぷら の となり に ある。そして, も たくあん という つけ物 が ある。かたくてき色 な たくあん は とても おいしい だ。山 から の 物 のそう で やわらか くて むらさき な ナス や みどり な きゅうり や たくあん が ある。それから, つけ物 の となり に, やさい が ある。 たとえば, にんじん や したけ や ブロッコリー や レタス が ある。オレンジ で かたい にんじん は とても けんこう 的 だ。あかくてまるい かたち な いちご と りんご が ある。そして, 私逹 の 弁当 の 中 に いろいろな 肉 が ある。たとえば,  ホットドッグ と エビ 天ぷら という 海の物 だ。最後 に, に物 が あって, たまご と ホットドッグ が ある。

    そして, 二番目 持ちょう は お弁当 の 中 に, いろいろ な かざり と 形 が あって から, お弁当 を 見る事 は とても きれい で かわいい。私逹 の 弁当 の 一そう で 森 の 動物 が ある。おにぎりは いろいろな 森の動物 の だ。たとえば, ねこ や ぶた や うさぎ だ。ホットドッグ の 形 は かたつむり だ。りんご は うさぎ の 形 だ。ねずみ の 形 な たまご は チャーハン の 上 に ある。とても かわいい 形 だ! そして, いろいろ な かざり な 食べ物 が ある。たとえば, き色な たくあん と オレンジ な にんじん は 日 の 形 だ. みどり な ブロコリ は 森 の 木。それから, 私逹 の 弁当 の 二そう で 海 の  動物が ある。わかめ サラダ の となり に, タコ の 形な ホットドッグ が ある。 にんじん は 魚 の 形 だ。にんじん 魚 は ふりかけ の 海 に およぐ。 しいたけ は カメ の 形 だ。そして, お弁当 は 右 と 左 と 上 と 下 の 違い が ある。きす の 物 が 多い。 たとえば, たまご ねずみ が 一 匹 (ひき) あって, りんご うさぎ が 三匹 あって, おにぎり 動物 が 五匹 ある。最後に, 私達 の 弁当 の 中 に, きせつ の 食べ物 が ある。日本 で, 夏 の 食べ物 は ナス や きょうり や レタス だ。この きせつ の 食べ物 は 私達 の 弁当 の 中 に 見る 事 が 出来る。そして, しいたけ という 日本 の 春 の 食べ物  も ある。私達 の 弁当 の 冬 の 食べ物 は だいこん や いちご や りんご だ。

    次に, 三番目の特ちょう は, 私達の弁当はとてもきれいだ。伝統的な 弁当 で はないけど、色々な伝統的な作り方を使った。まず、最初に、とても大切なことは食べ物が小さく切ってあることだ。こうすれば食べやすいし、お弁当箱に入れやすいし、便利だ。これをさらにもっと便利にするためにちがう食べ物を分けておいてある。ちがう食べ物がアルミのカップとみどり色の草の形をしたプラスチックで分けてある。そして, お弁当 は とても べつべつ だ。私達 は 安い 食べ物 を 使った ので, 弁当 を 作る 事 は べんり で 安い。弁当 は 青い 弁当箱 (ばこ) に 入れて, 学校 へ 持って行く。最後に, おはし で 私達 は お弁当 を 食べます。

けつろんとして, 私達 の 日本 の 弁当 は とても  おいしい!  大好きだ。この 弁当 を 作りながら 日本 の 文化 の 事 を たくさん 勉強 を した。 たとえば, なぜお弁当 の 中 の 食べ物が 分けてあるか。 アメリカ で もそういうこと を習った 方 が いい と 思う。 お弁当 は 日本のきちんとした所 を よくひょうげん する。こんど 日本 の マーケット 行った 時お弁当 を 買ってね!

Sunday, April 16, 2017

A Faded Fairytale (Perspective of a Melting Pot from the Daughter of Immigrants)

For as far back as I can remember, stories entwine with my memories from childhood. Memories of Harry Potter and fairy tales and oral rememberings from my parents have been worn down, soft and dull and subdued, from being handled by my clumsy hands one too many times. They are fond memories.

But recently, I’ve realized that the mystic, fantastical air with which my parents tell stories sometimes shroud the truth underneath. Here’s a poem that I wrote about it.

Once upon a time, they are just stories. Once upon a time, she listens to them with awe: tales of magical beasts, ancient kingdoms, and endless seas that have hungry, filching hands awaiting escapees and adventurers alike. She learns of humid rain and the smell of earth before a storm; through these stories, she tastes sweet lychee and raw coconut; she learns to build boats with her bare hands and -- from her concrete jungle of a city -- she dreams of the old country, her thoughts laced with nostalgia and stained with syrupy condensed milk and blistering tropical sun.
Every night, right before she slips into the blurry haze between consciousness and sleep, her parents swirl stories into her thoughts.
Once upon a time, there was a princess who found unimaginable wishes at the bottom of the ocean: rich draperies and gold rings and the scarlet feather of a phoenix. Long, long ago, there was a young man by the ocean, who woke up early every morning to watch the sun blink sleepily, to sail out on the sea and surround himself with endless, endless water, waiting for the right day to sail across the ocean. In the old country, there was a slumbering dragon, its belly full of fire hotter than the sun and its wrath larger and older than the earth and its greed deeper and colder than the icy ocean.
Here, her parents tell her, here is the overlap between land and sea, a kingdom less of an empire and more of a land only loyal to the earth and the wind and the slow storms. Here, when summer comes, the plants unfurl their leathery fronds; the earth begins to move slowly, like a great beast stirring into consciousness. The dirt and soil drinks in the clean rain and the soft smell of petrichor releases from a yawning maw as the beast awakens. Storms crackle over the horizon and the dragon flexes its poisonous claws, unfurls its leathery wings. Here is the edge of the world, here is the line between sea and skyline, they say, and here is how you cross it.
She asks for more stories every day, reaches out with sweaty palms to ask for more, as if these stories are real, as if they are reminders that can fit into the palm of your hand, remnants of a past life that fit in the hollow of your cheek so you can bring them on a small boat across the sea.
In school, her chubby fingers grab fat red crayons to carve mountains and fire and dragons out of printer paper.
Her mother tells her of the food there: tin Tiffin boxes and enormous bowls of rich pork broth, carrying poles with enormous woven baskets on either side, the banyan trees peering down on curdling goat’s milk; her father tells her of a revolution: an endless fleet of boats -- like fish swimming desperately up a stream -- fleeing a harbor, out of the maw of the beast and into the hungry, filching hands of the sea. Here is the match that lit the flame, they say, here is the call that woke the beast; here is fire and here is fury and here is how you leave.
    Outside of her open window, the city calls, a screeching cacophony of urban traffic and the rush of life, a constant reminder of where she lives, of where she will have to go. She wonders where she belongs. She wonders where she has to go. On her desk, her notebook paper rustles with the wind. She picks up her pen.
    Once upon a time, she believed they were just stories.
    She grows older and realizes that they are not just stories.
    Once upon a time, she’d never seen anything with a knife for a tongue or creatures with poison-tipped claws; maybe she believed those stories were fantasy because it wasn’t possible to understand, it was so difficult to comprehend. How can you understand a wildfire when you’ve only used small matchsticks to keep warm? How can you understand what it takes to leave your home behind when home is where you’ve lived your whole life?
And how could she know? She will never feel the insistent flames of a revolution or that horrible, dark fear of no land past the sea, of no wind filling the sails; will never come face to face with beasts as ancient as dragons. But perhaps, she will face mountains of steel and birds of metal instead, swap out dark jungles for concrete cities.
    Either way, she has her stories.
And in the end, they are still stories. Except they’re slightly starchy with grains of truth, a little gritty on the tongue, slightly bitter with a worldliness and a deep kind of hunger too powerful to be made up; but, after all, aren’t the best stories the ones of our own lives?
Once upon a time, there was a girl who lived in a world half-fantasy and half-reality, living the best kind of lucid dream, between the sky and the shoreline, between the past and the future, between kingdoms and democracy.
She is insatiable; she is young and she wants the world. She wants blistered skin from the tropical sun and treasures from the bottom of the greedy ocean and a fang from the yawning maw of the beast. She lives with once upon a time and long long ago and in the old country tucked into the space between her molars and her cheek, small enough to fit in the hollow of her cheek, to bring with her wherever she goes. When she smiles, the edges of her lips twist with the sweetness of condensed milk and raw sunshine, with the fire of a dragon’s breath. And, with that, she lives happily ever after.